The application of silicone rubber products in biomedicine and medical devices
The application of silicone rubber products in biomedicine and medical devices at present
1. Medical supplies
In many synthetic rubber, silicone rubber is one of the best. It has non-toxic tasteless, not afraid of high temperature and cold characteristics. At 300℃ and -90℃, it still maintains a certain strength and elasticity. Silicone rubber also has good electrical insulation, oxygen aging resistance, light aging resistance, mildew resistance, chemical stability, etc. Because of these excellent properties, silicone rubber has been widely used in modern medicine.
1.1 Organ or tissue substitutes
These products can be divided into long-term and short-term retention products. Products left in the body for a long time include hydrocephalus drainage device, artificial lung, retinal implants, artificial meninges, larynx, artificial knuckles, artificial tympanum, tooth impressions and soft pads for supporting tooth tissues, artificial tendons, artificial heart valve accessories, etc. Short-term left in the body to play the role of fluid replenishing, rescue, drainage injection, anti-adhesion or defofoam products are intravenous intubation, catheter, peritoneal dialysis tube, contact glasses, blood transfusion tube, pressure relief tube, chest drainage tube, gastroscopy cannula, otitis media ventilation tube, fluid catheter and nasal intubation.
1.2 Key components of medical machinery
These products include artificial joint, artificial breast capsule, soft tissue expanders coated, knee film, heart valves, pump pipe, corrugated pipe, penile prosthesis, artificial skull coating for demanding products properties, such as heart must be high high strength, high resistance to tear and set a good stretch, low deformation and flexing medical silicone rubber production.
1.3 Cosmetic and reconstructive surgery
Silicone rubber has also been widely used in cosmetic and prosthetics in the past 20 years. Use silicone rubber to repair facial defects, such as repairing forehead, nose, lower forehead, neck, external ear defects, skull and chest plastic surgery. At the moment, the more controversial of these implants are artificial breasts. According to the analysis results, it is believed that the cause of this problem may be caused by leakage of silicone gel filled in the breast prosthesis or foreign body reaction after long-term implantation. This is not the final conclusion of Z and needs further observation and discussion. However, to address the concerns of implants about silicone gel implants, safer saline implants have been developed. This product compared with silicon gel filled type, both feel and security, relatively much better, even a little leakage will not cause harm to the human body.
1.4 Drug sustained-release system
Prolonging drug efficacy and improving drug specificity and safety is an important subject in pharmaceutical research. There are two main ways of using silicone rubber to control drug release: encapsulation type and particle dispersion type. At present, controlled sustained-release agents based on silicone rubber biomaterials have been used in contraceptives and anticancer drugs and achieved good results. The release system can also be used for controlled release of many other drugs in animals.
1.5 External products
Silicone rubber film has good oxygen and carbon dioxide permeability and moisture permeability similar to human skin moisture evaporation, as well as non-toxic, harmless, non-allergic to human body, and is not easy to cause foreign body reaction or rejection reaction. It can be used as artificial skin film after being enhanced with nylon and polyester fiber.
Medical Grade LSR CPAP Face Mask
2. Biomedical engineering
It mainly includes the outer packing materials of medical devices, medical electrodes and bio-implanted sensors.
2.1 Intraperitoneal chemotherapy delivery device
An all-silica implantable intraperitoneal chemotherapy catheter system. The device is made of medical silicone rubber and consists of a catheter for storing medicine boxes.
2.2 Medical electrode (plate)
Due to contact with the human body, the material is required to be soft, comfortable, physiological inertia, non-toxic to the human body, no stimulation to the skin, good permeability. In the use of high temperature and high pressure, solvent disinfection, and performance is not affected. To meet the above requirements, silicone rubber as the base material is more suitable.
2.3 Biosensors
Not only in basic research, clinical medicine, food fermentation, environmental protection and other aspects, but also in vivo application has become possible. Two biosensors, biomedical electrodes and implanted sensors, are typical examples of applications in vivo. Biosensors used for transplantation usually need a layer of packaging material to separate the surrounding physiological environment, so the reliability, durability and biocompatibility of materials are higher requirements. The silicone rubber layer on the outside of the electrode can be so thin that water and other small molecules can pass through freely. The silicone rubber can be used as a wrapper for a glucose-sensitive electrode to monitor and regulate glucose levels in the blood of diabetics.
Medical silicone rubber has been widely used in life sciences, medical devices, medicines and other fields, but it still has great potential. With the development of life sciences and the research of biological materials, it will make greater contributions to human society.